Numbers

1. Jeden, dva, tři

   YE-den, dva, trzhi

   One, two, three

   Usage

   Basic numbers used for counting and stating quantities

   Grammar Note

   Czech numbers change by gender: jeden/jedna/jedno (m/f/n). Feminine: jedna, dvě instead of jeden, dva

2. Čtyři, pět, šest

   CHTI-rzhi, pyet, shest

   Four, five, six

   Usage

   Used for counting, stating quantities, prices, and times

   Grammar Note

   Numbers 5 and above require genitive plural. E.g., pět korun (5 crowns). 1–4 use nominative/accusative

3. Sedm, osm, devět, deset

   SE-dum, O-sum, DE-vyet, DE-set

   Seven, eight, nine, ten

   Usage

   Numbers 7–10 used for time, age, room numbers, etc.

   Grammar Note

   In spoken Czech, "sedm" and "osm" are pronounced with a short vowel between the consonants ("SE-dum", "O-sum"); the "d" and "s" are not dropped

4. Dvacet, třicet, čtyřicet

   DVA-tset, TRZHI-tset, CHTI-rzhi-tset

   Twenty, thirty, forty

   Usage

   Tens used for ages, prices, distances

   Grammar Note

   Tens in Czech use "-cet" or "-desát": padesát (50), šedesát (60), sedmdesát (70), osmdesát (80), devadesát (90)

5. Sto, tisíc

   sto, TYI-seets

   One hundred, one thousand

   Usage

   Large numbers used for prices, populations, distances

   Grammar Note

   "sto" is a neuter noun. 200=dvě stě, 300=tři sta, 400=čtyři sta. Million: milión

6. Kolik je hodin?

   KO-lik ye HO-dyin

   What time is it?

   Usage

   Basic phrase for asking the time

   Grammar Note

   "hodin" is genitive plural of "hodina" (hour). Answers: "Je jedna hodina" (1 o'clock), "Jsou dvě hodiny" (2 o'clock)

7. První, druhý, třetí

   PRV-nyee, DRU-hee, TRZHE-tyee

   First, second, third

   Usage

   Ordinal numbers used for order, floors, platforms, seat numbers

   Grammar Note

   Czech ordinals decline like adjectives. "na druhém patře" (on the second floor) uses locative case. The everyday word for "first" is "první"; the variant "prvý" is labelled "knižní" (bookish) by the ÚJČ Internetová jazyková příručka

8. Pět set korun

   pyet set KO-run

   Five hundred Czech crowns

   Usage

   Used when stating a price in Czech crowns (CZK)

   Grammar Note

   Numbers 5+ require genitive plural: "korun" (gen. plural of koruna). Many shops don't accept euros

9. Nula

   NU-la

   Zero

   Usage

   Used for zero in phone numbers, temperatures, scores

   Grammar Note

   "Nula" is a feminine noun. Used in phone numbers and temperature: "je nula stupňů" (it's zero degrees)

10. Jedenáct, dvanáct

    YE-de-nahts, DVA-nahts

    Eleven, twelve

    Usage

    11–12, used for time, months, quantities

    Grammar Note

    11–19 use suffix "-náct": třináct (13), čtrnáct (14), patnáct (15), šestnáct (16), etc.

11. Je mi dvacet sedm let

    ye mi DVA-tset SE-dum let

    I'm 27 years old

    Usage

    Answering "Kolik je vám let?" (How old are you?)

    Grammar Note

    Age is "je + dative + numeral + let". Numerals of five and above take the genitive plural, so "rok" becomes "let". 27 ends in "sedm", hence "let"

12. Letos mi bude dvacet osm let

    LE-tos mi BU-de DVA-tset O-sum let

    I turn 28 this year

    Usage

    Saying what age you will reach this year

    Grammar Note

    "Je mi dvacet sedm let" with "je" replaced by "bude", the future of "být". 28 also ends in "osm", so the genitive plural "let" is kept

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